Formal Proposal on Pensions for Public Employees Research

Formal on Pensions for Public Employees - question Proposal ExampleThere are different types of pension visualizes and this report suggests the public organizations to use and use Defined benefit pension plan as this would be beneficial for most of the employees working in public sector.Pension plans are of many types. Retirement plan, state and social pension plan, and disability pension are some of the types. It is mandatory for permanent employees that they should be given payment after their retirement in the form of pension. If it is not paid then it should be mentioned in the contract of the employees. Pension is defined the come that an employee gets on his retirement through the contribution of employees and investment returns. This amount is received on a first-string basis by the employee. Members contribution is deducted from their payroll throughout their duration of service (Davis, 1998). Generally, the amount of pension is determine and based on a defined formula . This formula may vary from one organization to other however the formula is based on employees history of earnings. In America, Public employee pension plan is suffering and the employees at the public organizations are not satisfied with the existing plan. One of the reasons for this is that government is exploring more than unusual investments in order to feed the Public employee pension plan. OCER has invested 10.9 billion dollars in funds. Out of these funds, solely 4% is from assets (Reicher, 2014). According to figure 1 presented in the appendix section, all public plans are funded in a well-mannered way and contributions from the employers are found lower in pension plans (Basich, 2011).This report presents a proposal for the pension of public employees. Pension is an important aspect of the workplace as it provides funds at a stage when the person does not have the ability or energy to work befittingly for 40 hours in a week.Senior management has an important role and t hey have to take crock up

Week 7 into to Mang System Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Week 7 into to Mang System - Assignment casingThis was due to the use ofphysical form of delivery spending an excessive quantity of time and fiscal resources (Bidgoli, 2014). The corporation spotted the opportunity to enhance information delivery, eliminate errors, and significantly minimize the quantity of resources exploited. In order to alleviate the disagreement of the needless tapping of assets to continue the physical manner of distributing information, IAL acquired IBM Workplace Web centre Management and IBM WebSphere Portal. These applications offer enterprise web portals that assist corporations distribute a highly-unique, social understanding for their consumers with single-point contact gates (IBM, 2014).According to Clinebell, Thomas, & Sedbrook (2012), IAL had sought knowledge management through the use of wiki systems, guaranteeing simplistic and quick collaboration and knowledge-sharing. Wikis, a web-oriented 2.0 technology, offered a collaborative impression in wh ich data can be uploaded and modify as necessary for knowledge-sharing between employees within the corporation, and outwardly between trades and their stakeholders. They are vast collaborative systems that make project implementation easier with simply mapped networks of specialists on business-associated subjects and via knowledge-sharing of most excellent business activities. IAL has executed the wiki for the solution of work together with business associates in decision making and distribution knowledge with stakeholders. In addition, the wikis assist in communication with other workers on schemes of supply and marketing of the IAL product (Clark and Stewart, 2010).The first challenge that IAL could face when implementing groupware is the operating(a) feasibility. With innovative implementations, there is a necessity to train users of the innovative groupware systems on ways to

How and which beliefs can we justified in Descartes who argues for Essay

How and which beliefs can we justified in Descartes who argues for skepticism - Essay ExampleHe believes that images from dreamland atomic number 18 drawn from real experiences. For instance, if an artist draws an imaginary picture of a mermaid, he thinks of images of women and fish. The philosopher thinks that it is very easy to surmise the simplest things in life such as the existence of God. However, he tries pushing these thoughts from his foreland by rock that if he believes that there is no God, then he will be deceived.From the clip in The intercellular substance, Neyo is put in a computer program by a hacker who tries to convince him to stir his mind about what he believes in. The hacker shows him of his dream world and the real world to manipulate his mind into making Neyo believe in his world of fantasy (Andy and Lana, 1999). In the same way, Descartes sought to overturn citizenry beliefs thoughts into his imaginary world. From the philosopher story, it is crucial to note that no individual can live in skepticism as no one doubts if other people in the surrounding exist. It is believed that Descartes was motivated into doubtful behavior as he was trying to overcome a certain problem, but his believes were always accompanied by arguments to hearten his

Does the rotation of auditors improve the quality of auditing Essay - 2

Does the rotation of auditors amend the quality of auditing - Essay ExampleBased on all conjecture about such rotations and explore studies on auditing tenure versus rotation, it would appear that the quality of auditing is actually improved by rotating auditing firms. The evidence Pozen (2012) argues that when an organisation decides to roll auditors, in that respect is the need for significant investment on behalf of the unused auditing firm to gain important institutional knowledge about the industry which has already been shapeed by the incumbent auditing firm. Research studies have illustrated that there is reduced quality in auditing practice and competency during the initial years of appointment as the new auditing firm attempts to familiarise itself with specific business practices (Pozen 2012). Especially apparent in multi-national firms, new auditing companies must learn highly extensive information about corporate finance and accounting in a complex, international a ccounting environment. This requires time and perhaps even training, however once this information is gleaned, the auditor can bring home the bacon better quality audits even though this quality took considerable time to develop and enhance. The International fusion of Accountants sees the situation from a rather different perspective outside of the time and labour investment in learning business processes. Elongated and long-standing alliances with exist auditing firms are recognised as becoming too cozy with their corporate employers which changes the dynamics of how incumbent auditing firms view business practices and ideologies. When long-standing relationships are developed with existing auditing firms, auditors tend to wee favourable opinions, rather than unbiased opinions, about the corporate-mandated auditing processes. Existing auditor relationships that have endured oer time leads to trust-building in the midst of business and auditor which, in turn, creates a situat ion where the auditor handles investigations carelessly and are more involuntary to accept business written domainments rather than inspect the situation to ensure that the business is actually playacting compliance-based activities to general accounting standards (IFA 2010). Boxer (2008) absolutely agrees with the aforementioned notion of corporate cosiness developed over time and in the face of trust that endures through familiarity with business leaders. This author representing the Office of the Comptroller of the state of New Jersey refers to this scenario as familiarity fatigue stating that such familiarity with management leaders of the business leads to a inadequacy of independence where professional ties create a complicity that reduces auditing effectiveness and lack of unbiased auditing support (Boxer 2008). When this type of relationship is developed, the auditor loses their scepticism about the oral and written information that is provided to the auditor by the comp any leadership and, therefore, begins to overlook important facts and figures associated with financial statement production during the auditing processes. Boxer (2008) indicates yet another scenario that occurs, potentially, when maintaining enduring relationships with existing auditing firms. Auditors will have the tendency to desire corporate approval in the hopes of maintaining a continuous tax income

Describe the most challenging obstacle you've had to overcome Essay

calculate the most challenging prohibition you&aposve had to over issue forth. Discuss its impact on your life. What have you learned from the experience How has overcoming this obstacle shaped who you are today - Essay ExampleAccording to me, I had answered the question right scarcely the gag that came from the student directly told me that something had gone a mess. Hands were up so I was wrong. For longsighted in my new school, I was not able to get any answer right withal up in Mathematics that I had always been on top in my former school. The life of embarrassments continued, and I was always the laughing stock in my class. Everybody was win over that I was a minor. The only thing I ever enjoyed at my new school was the evening sound of the bell. It meant going home, and a burden is lifted. My amaze later realized my problem in school, and she always told me that I can do much cave in and be on top of everybody.I had always known my mother to be right, and I was convin ced I could be on top of everybody. I never precious to be the cause of laughter in class. I never wanted to be embarrassed again. All these instilled hard work in me. My motto was to do more than what was expected in me so that I be a set-apart man. By extra reading and consultation with teachers and fellow students, everything started working my ways. At one point I could answer a question that no student could. I started making friends even with those who could not even greet me when I was thought to be at the bottom of the class. Even the brightest in the class wanted me to explain a concept for them.I have learnt that when you do the best and excel, you be the center of admiration. Everybody allow want to hang out with you just to borrow the simple ideas you have. Additionally, I have also come to realize that with determination and hard work one can be the best and be on top of everybody (Mathews & Amazon.com (Firm), 2009). I have again realized that no hard work go unreward ed. Lastly, I have come to believe that anybody can be the best when he wants.I am a proud doctor today just because I learnt that if I do things

Effect of drugs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Effect of drugs - Essay ExampleThis paper seeks to contend the causes and effects of drug use.Overwhelming evidence suggest that most of drug users get into drugs at their teenage age. Therefore, it can be safely assumed that their fellow friends lure most of them into drugs. Peer influence causes individuals to look into with the drugs in the hope that they ordain fit perfectly in their friend groups. With the fear of rejecting the offer of their friends, they range by taking small amounts of various drugs such as marijuana, crack cocaine among others. With time, this becomes the lifestyle and a way of life. When addiction sets in, it becomes difficult to quit using drugs. As an effect, users become dependent on drugs and hence have to engage in criminal activities such as robbery to raise money for drugs. The peer groups gradually graduate from just peer groups to criminal gangs (Hanson et al 138-143).Human beings are characterized by distinctive feature to experiment new things in life. drug use is sometimes associated with exaggerated good feeling and a sense of command. This can be seen in beer and cigarette advertisement. Curious individuals who are unaware of potential drug addiction seek to experiment with the drugs. Their aim is usually to have a little experience with the drugs, at least for a short while. However, not all the individuals who experiment the drug experience are discipline enough to quit after the experience. More often than not, they end up using more of the drugs and indoors no time, they become addicted. What began as an experiment ends up as a drug addiction. With little will to quit, drug users become aggressive, violent, withdrawn, and less responsible. It becomes difficult to meet personal obligations and life becomes a waste (Wilson and Kolande 80-83).Whereas voluntary plays an important role in decision making in life, the social environment in which race grow determines the

Project management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 2

Project way - Essay ExampleIt is fundamentally due to this particular reason that transcriptions need to build both utile as well as efficient teams as well as idiosyncratics so that organizational goals clear be accomplished with ease. However, assigning proper roles and responsibilities to the employees at the individual level as well as team level is also important so that they burn contribute towards the accomplishments of the organisation. These aspects ar further argued to be highly crucial in the field of sales and merchandise which act as the major division and driving force of organisational productivity. It has been apparently observed in this context that the roles of employees in this section of business are different from other organisational dimension. The primary roles of the employees in this area are to follow and accomplish the goals and targets of the organization. He/she should be clear about what the organization expects from them and deliver accordingl y. Furthermore, the employees should be more involved towards the operations of the organization in accordance with the set standards and organisational vision. Alongside, the employees must be essentially motivated to strive for best(p) performance continuously. Moreover, the employees of the organization should also need to be innovative in implementing new sales and marketing administrations being adequately aware of the determined objectives so that the chances of any sort of error can be minimised efficiently (Griffin & Moorehead, 2009). Additionally, at the team level, the employees need to understand their roles and responsibilities for the organization and deliver their performance accordingly. All the employees in the team should track down with equal dedication for the overall accomplishment of organisational goals and should provide topmost priority to the organizational targets rather than individuals own interests. This aspect can be determined as a vital plowshare for the team, towards the marketing and sales department of the organization (Griffin & Moorehead, 2009). 1.2. Project Scope & Process Type Required It has been tell that the implementation of a new sales and marketing system will be vital and profitable to facilitate the performance of the company in terms of increasing revenue and brand value. In this context, it can be affirmed that implementation of a new sales and marketing system is quite seeming to standardize the entire dish out of sales and marketing of the company. As sales and marketing acts as the backrest of any organization, this aspect is considered to be highly crucial. Furthermore, it has been noted that with the incorporation of a new sales system in organization, there is every probability of increase in sales as well as enhancement of the brand value. Furthermore, the implementation of the new system shall also enable the organization to have a more comprehensive prediction about the further demand fluctuati ons in the market building better coordination within the two end of the supply chain, i.e. the manufacturing or marketing units and the ultimate customers. Apart from this, the new sales and management system will also enable the company to automatically record the sales and marketing activities of the employees and hence diminish errors in the weekly sales reporting activities, thus making the entire process

Consider East Africa and its extensive trade route. Why is it Essay

Consider East Africa and its all-embracing trade route. Why is it important What does it say around the impact of Africa in the world What does it say about ancient Africa Pick your one focus, go deep - Essay ExampleAksum and the Swahili Coast were the first to be mentioned as the important trade regions. The coast of East Africa is a part of extensive trade networks throughout the Mediterranean Sea and Indian Ocean. Aksum was located in Eritrea and Ethiopia. It is remembered for its splendid stone monuments, gold coins, and elaborate palaces (Ade-Ajayi 80). In the sixth century, the Aksumite kings extended their empire to the southern Arabia. International trade developed in that region where markets were open in urban areas concentrated along the coast regions full of wealth and power. The merging of Arab, African and Indian peoples along the coast of East Africa produced Kiswahili language and Swahili culture. Ivory, gold and slaves were the goods that were traded globally alon g the Swahili coast.The negative effect of the existence of the East African trade route was the slave trade. The slave trade was conducted by both Europeans and Arabs. European slave traders came in the 17th century, taking the African slaves into the islands of America and Indian Ocean. The slave trade in Africa caused social disruptions among people, depopulation of certain regions, and increasing of violence, as a result, of firearms trade (Ade-Ajayi 85). The slave trade ended by and by resulted to a justification for European colonizing the East Africa.Europeans began exploring East Africa in the 15th century. Vasco de Gama and other Portuguese explorers started the nexus between the Europe and African Coast that later lead to centuries of trade and domination of Africa by Europeans. opposite explorers came later including Christian missionaries. When the slave trade was deemed as illegal, Europeans had engaged into other types of trade (Ade-Ajayi 89). The industrial diver sity in Europe needed cheap raw materials for its factories in which East African colonies provided large quantities of plain goods,

Critically analyse the territorial and extraterritorial ambit of the Assignment

Critically analyse the territorial and extraterritorial ambit of the crime of murder under side of meat Criminal Law - Assignment Exampledie of the wound or hurt etc. inside a year and a day after the same (Allen 309). It is imperative to note that under the side woeful system, murder is classified into the category of homicide and manslaughter. Legally, homicide is a more serious offence in equivalence to manslaughter. In order for a person to be charged with homicide or manslaughter, the elements of the definition of murder must(prenominal) be proved to be true. Actus Reus Under the English Law, the Actus Reus for murder must be present in the beginning one can be convicted for the offence of murder. One aspect of Actus Reus is that arrange of murder must be unlawful. This implies that act should not have some(prenominal) legal basis to justify its occurrence. Under the English criminal system, the law recognizes some circumstances under which murder can be justified. For in stance, killing someone in self defense can be admissible in a court as a legally permissible reason for murder. The justification for killing also depends on the circumstances under which the deceased person was killed and the role of the accused in the murder (Chalmers & Fiona 219). In essence, killing under English law whitethorn include accelerating another persons death due to an act or an omission. ... This means that any killing that occurs under all circumstances except during war are is classified as an offence of murder. Enemy killing is not justified by law unless it occurs during a war or events therefore (David 453). English Law is precise in regards to the concept of Queens peace by expressly stating that all situations except during war are classified as Queens peace. eve formally identified foreign enemies cannot be lawfully killed under the pretext that they are outside the backcloth of the Queens peace. It is imperative to that this principle applies both within and outside the territories of the English criminal law. The limited act or omission that results in the murder of a person must have a substantial parcel as generate of death for an accused person to be convicted for the offence of murder. The act or omission and the death must be linked in order for a trust to be upheld. In essence, the prosecution has the burden of proving that the accused did more than minimally or negligibly contribute to the death. The contribution of the accused person to the death must be considered substantial in the context of the law (Hirst 229). In this regard, even if the action or omission just accelerated the death, the accused is legally liable for the death. For instance, in R v Dyson (1908), it was held that the defendant was liable for the offence of murder even though the defendant had lonesome(prenominal) hastened death. In order to break the causation chain, it is upon the defendant to prove that the intervening act was the main cause of the death (Cryer 152). This may occur in instances whereby a persons actions or inactions are intermit of a chain of actions that can be attributed to the death. It is only an unforeseeable or unexpected action

Web based Health Care Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Web based Health give care - Essay ExampleSites need to sign up for the HONcode to ensure that they follow the eight principles of this code. Through this hence individuals can check out for the red and blue seal of the HONcode on the web sites they visit to look for info on different health conditions.One example of a site is the American Diabetes association that provides incessant care to the diabetes patients and enables other individuals to learn about the management, diagnosis and symptoms of diabetes. It also advises individuals on what to eat and what foods to avoid by giving out recipes. The main objective of this site is to cure and prevent diabetes and to improve the lives of all the individuals impact by diabetes. The eight principles of the HONcode comprise of the authority of the data provided, instruction privacy and confidentiality accurate attribution of sources the transparentness of economic sponsorship the significance of evidently separating editorial cont ent from advertising complimentary data that does not switch over but supports the patient-doctor relationship, and back up assertions concerning performance and turn a profits.The American Diabetes Association (ADA) website is one of the sites that are abiding by the eight rules of the HON code. In authoritative, when the site publishes a journal about diabetes and made available online for individuals to access it and benefit from the information, the authors of the journals and their qualifications are always indicated. Besides, the sites abides with the third code which is privacy, since if a visitor shares information online to the site, the site does not permit the information known to any user of the site as it ensures the information is made private and confidential. Also, if information has been acquired from other sources, the site ensures that it has included the citations, the page of the journal from where the information was retrieved, and the date the journal was p ublished. Through this, the site is trying to

Adaptation of IS project management in Saudi Arabia toward Essay

Adaptation of IS realize management in Saudi Arabia toward understanding the barrier and improve the implementation and development - Essay Example cultivation technology projects run high-pitched risk of being over budgeted, they may occasionally fall behind schedule, and its difficult to gather all the data and tabulate it, further there can be program errors. With such high risks it becomes difficult to find suitable organizations that are ready to accept the challenges faced in IT projects and that would handle them with perfection.However, one can not ignore development just because the risk rate is high instead methods need to be found to reduce the risk rate and still better methods to rescind them. In order to handle IT projects properly management of the project is required. Management of projects helps to evaluate the risk and consequently help to eliminate them through proper managemental skills. Information system project management helps in managing IT projects. f it management of IT projects has been helpful in their development however, there are various constraints to the project management systems. present in this study, I discuss culture as one of the constraint.An Information scheme project management, in simple words, is a management system that helps organizations in development of projects by providing information to the organization required for development of the project in a manner that is economic and reduces the complications associated with development of a project. Information System project management is a system that assimilates all the data gathered about a project to provide a useful information that can be utilized by project managers for fulfilling the objectives of the project.Information System project management has also been extended to other contexts like decision support systems, ERP (Enterprise option Planning), SCM (Supply Chain Management), CRM (Customer Relationship Management) project management, resource and people management

Green motorsports Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Green motorsports - Research stem ExampleThe diesel-powered Audi emerged the winner with almost 100 points clear from their closest rivals in the American Le Mans Series. In the United Kingdom, Team West Racing used Ethanol fueled MG Zs in Touring auto Championship.In the Economics of Climate Change, it is recommended that swift and very proactive action be considered so as to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions and stabilise it between four hundred and fifty thousand and v hundred and fifty thousand parts per million (Autosport magazine 76 ). If this is not done, there would be dangerous consequences and if the actions are carried out weakly, the situation would probably stabilise at upper limit. For this to happen, the global emissions would dedicate to decrease by twenty five percent by middle of this century, and in particular, countries which are full(prenominal) level emitters would have to cut down the emissions by even a higher margin. In the UK, the organisation has s tepped up its effort through commissioning of a transport study so as to move to the challenges that are posed by climate change to buffer against economic and environmental perils.There is endless pressure from the scientific world for interventions to be carried out more vigorously to be able to flake climate change. It is notable that although there is unanimity for the need of strong actions against climate change, just a smattering of the views, sometimes only those appearing maverick, get exagerrated attention.There is unanimous agreement that the first step in reducing the green house gas emisions is energy efficiency. The transport sector is envisaging the use of small cars which bequeath be much more energy efficient for local use in their own high speed lanes. These cars would abe able to convey at least tenfold as many people as would the personal cars. Additionally, it is easier to imagine micro wind turbines or solar panels mounted on legislate of their garages to top up their their energy

Menatl Illness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Menatl distemper - Essay ExampleFor clarification purposes, OCD is a mental disorder which is not similar with having an Obsessive authoritative Personality Disorder. OCD is characterized by intrusive thoughts such as believing that a devil or some other being could possibly harm them or their loved ones. Such thoughts results into behavior that seems paranoid such as being overly protective of people close to them. On the other hand, OCD personality disorder is more(prenominal) concerned with rules, standards, guidelines which makes a person a perfectionist. OCD is a mental disorder with two different further related components. These are intrusive thoughts, the obsessive part of the disorder, and repetitive behaviors, the compulsive part of the disorder (Rachman,2003, p.21). Aardema ( 2007) characterized OCD as ego-dystonic which meant that the individuals elf-concept is not compatible with the disorder ( p.187). On the contrary, OCD personality disorder is ego-syntonic which is defined by Dorlands Medical dictionary as aspects of a persons thoughts, impulses, attitudes, and behavior that are felt to be bankable and consistent with the self-conception.All mental disorders can lead to serious consequences for the individuals who are affected by it. perchance among the mental illness known to man, OCD subjects the patients to casual and daily ridicule . There are countless jokes on everything from sit-coms to sportscasts about people washing their hands a la Lady Macbeth in an obsessive way. nation make continual references to being obsessive or compulsive about one thing or another all the time in a way that to someone who actually struggles with OCD can note slighting and incredibly dismissive. Those who have this condition, far from bumping it a joke, can in fact find it crippling and are often deeply ashamed of their thoughts and behaviorsAs aforementioned, the disorders have both compulsive and

Buyers Purchase Decision and Branding Coursework

Buyers corrupt Decision and stigmatiseing - Coursework ExampleThe scope of the cultivation covers all kinds of buyers with different behaviors making get decisions with watch to different brands. in that respect is alike a detailed study on Consumer Decision Process. There is a good enough fundament on consumer buying surgery besides an extended and detailed introduction on Branding and Marketing emphasizing the difference between the two and how the concepts are different from distributively and in what way thither can be a delineation between the two. There is an interpretation on the different stages of Consumer Buying Behaviour, namely Need Awareness, Information Search, Checking Options, get Decision, and Post Purchase Behaviour. There is also a detailed explanation on Types of Consumer Buying Behaviour in the form of wont Response Behaviour, which is prevalent in the from of day to day items that do not need though process and are bought instantly, Limited Decision Making, which requires product research to an extent, Extensive Decision Making, which involves products that are unfamiliar, infrequently bought and expensive. The pull round form of Buyer Behaviour is the Impulse Buying that includes buying on an impulse. There is also a detailed talk about the effect of Brands on Buyer Behaviour, which includes concepts like Brand Loyalty, Influence of Brands on consumers and contribution of Brands in helping a Consumer in Buying Process, Co relation between Brand Image and self image, Brand Equity and so on. There is also an introduction of factors that influence Purchase Decision besides Brand. These factors are mentioned in the form of two main headings namely, Internal Factors and External Factors. Perceptions, Knowledge, Attitude, Personality, and life-style are around such Internal Factors whereas Culture, Situation, are some of the External Factors. The final part of the study explains the general methodology to do research along with the secondary data collected. The methodology part also talks about CDP cycle in detail. The methodology part also tries to answer, why a consumer prefers some brands or stores over others and what are the basic reasons and linking factors connected to his choice. Introduction and BackgroundIn todays world where there are so many products thronged over every nook and corner of the market, it is an extremely challenging task for a buyer to choose amongst the products. Globalization has made it even more difficult with the instauration of several new firms into any business. A buyer while purchasing or making a purchase decision goes through a process and reaches a final decision in regard or against the product, however Branding is perhaps the only powerful tool that not only helps a corporate establish a goodwill, but also helps a buyer in taking a fast decision regarding whether to go for a product or discard it. So Branding doubtlessly facilitates faster decision making with e ase. The reason behind this phenomenon is that buyers are generally skeptical about buying any product because they have to spend money and part away from it, in lieu of some goods, which they may not trust in the beginning, until they have used and experienced them for a while. So they project up to a Branded product, as their savior in such an uncertainty. This purpose makes it important for us

MBA project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

MBA project - Essay ExampleThe study is do on secondary data. Qualitative analysis of the information collected leads to the inference that the bank has excellent gentle resource practices which is guided by a deliberate overlapping of the business initiatives with the employee training needs for the organizations. Recommendations train been made on the basis of this study. These are aimed at improving the banks performance in the future. ... This sphere of influence is regulated by the Sharia law of Fiqh al-Muamalat (rules of transactions) ( Moslem Banking Trends - the Future of Arab Banking). Employee training and development plays an grievous role in the banking sector in all the gulf countries. Level of involvement of the employees depend on two most important factors personal characteristics of the employee as well as the culture in the organization. tuition and development of the employees of the banks in the Saudi Arabia takes into account factors such as education and a ge of the employees and the rank held by them in the organization, tenure in the organizational and the pay received by them (AlKahtani 67-78). 1.1 Background Global The Al Rajhi bank is not only a big financial institution in the Saudi Arabia it is the biggest Islamic bank in the whole world. It has significant influence in the countrys trade and avocation with the rest of the world. Hence, human resource of the bank casts notable impact on the business sphere at the global level. Continental The gulf vicinity is closely knitted with the banks whose business practices are guided by the Islamic culture and religious beliefs. These banks are a part of the financial system of Saudi Arabia and grant majorly contributed to the entire continent of Asia. Indeed, performance of these banks is currently considered as the measure of the economic health of the gulf region and also of Asia (Al-Dukheil 56). According to Al-Dukheil, the private sector is becoming increasingly important in the financial sector and contribution of these banks is set to increase further. National There is high Islamic awareness in the land of Saudi Arabia (At-Twaijri 11-16). This creates barriers for the organizations in adopting a generalist employee

Plans and direct actions Essay Example for Free

Plans and direct actions EssayA perform service building loss attractor knows how to protrude and direct actions to avoid any mistakes being made. He formulates and deploys plans to achieve objectives he directs the work accordingly until it finishes. He creates different questions in his mind for example, what to do, why to do it, when to do it, how to do it, who to do, and how to finish it. A church building leaders plans are simple, great deal who work as group members and some other state who take him understand his plans clearly. He forms aggroups and give them duties so that they so-and-so work with authority and responsibility. He makes rules that people deliver to borrow.The God wants a church leader to share His vision with his police squad members and people. A good church leader knows how to put the God presumption plan into practice. A church leader is the person who influences his team members and leads team members to carry out the agreed objective s, by following the example of the rescuer. People under him follow his way of life a church leader gets people to act on church and accusation goals, and he also ministers the need of people. A Church leader humbly realizes that he necessitate Gods wait on and needs it in developing good plans that will work for others.These working plans then successfully ensure the desired goals. A church leader does not build plans for other people to merely value them, but he does it for the good of his people with everlasting results. UNCHANGED LOYALTY A church leader demonstrates loyalty that never changes. A church leader is faithful to his promises and duties. He never finds fault in his job people respect him as a man of God living among them. A church leader gives his life to Gods mission and purpose and spends his entire life doing it.Loyalty being a leaders quality, a church leader is always loyal to God and his people. A church leader needs loyalty to start and grow a church or g roup. A loyal church leader is the base of a healthy church to grow and a key element for a church to produce other churches. A church leader influences others in his ministry through his loyalty to Jesus Christ as the Savior and Lord. A loyal church leader produces loyal members he starts and finishes his job with his team very well. A successful Christian leader is always keen and willing to work with a community or groups.He has a strong desire to develop community services together. purpose OF GODS GIFTS God has gifted all people with different abilities and characteristics. Nowadays, this divine gift directs people to serve churches, as ushers, church school teachers, financial officers, directors of food pantries, youth leaders, and in so legion(predicate) other roles. It all starts with gifts, which can be employ in a variety of ways. Gifts are pr wholeness by the God to everyone. The God doesnt limit the gifts to his people, so we shouldnt limit leadership to others.The potence to lead by using gifts for enabling others in ministry does not requires intelligence, education, economic status, age, gender, or any other human distinction. Children and youth, as well as adults, all are gifted. Women and men, boys and girls have all been gifted which they can use in leadership of a church. It does not mean, however, that everyone should be an administrator of a church. Gifts are several and of different nature, the variety of these gifts is much greater than churches usually realize.There are many gifts beyond the gifts that are usually used in preaching, teaching, and committee work. If one is to use all God tending(p) gifts for his leadership within a church, he/she must discover that wide range of gifts, and welcome the intention to employ them. It is not always an easy task for a human to identify gifts since gifts have unlike way of hiding themselves, particularly from those people who hold them. Gods given gifts are so much a part of our person ality that people not likely to think of them as gifts.For example, if a person is a good organizer, he must recognize this specialty and take it as a gift given by God. As Gods gifts are discovered by interacting with others. However, discovering gifts is not enough because many people use there gifts haphazardly, with no attention to their maturation. Gods given gifts effectiveness can be significantly enhanced through intentional development of them. For example, if a person with natural painting ability can choose not to practice or take lessons and keep his ability as hobby and keeps his gift undefined from being fully utilized for service.The church leaders provide opportunities to people for training and development of Gods given gifts. They are intentional intimately using these gifts of children and youth in future leadership. The church leaders encourage their members to affirm and identify one anothers gifts. People discover and experiments their gifts in an atmosphere of acceptance provided by the church leader. A church leader expands his understanding in order to be comprehensive and not neglect peoples gifts.

Describe the various stages of the typical lifecycle of an individual in the UK today and identify the most relevant financial products that should be considered at each stage Essay Example for Free

divulge the various power points of the regular(prenominal) intent regular recurrence of an somebody in the UK immediately and identify the most relevant monetary products that should be considered at each correspond EssayDescribe the various orders of the typical vivificationcycle of an individual in the UK today and identify the most relevant financial products that should be considered at each stage To date, the interpretation of the judgment of disembodied spirit cycle of the individual has a lot of variations. In this case, the main of them wearing in integrity degree or a nonher echo of the financial and economic issues, is The sequence of qualitatively different stages of education of the organism. Model income and consumption over the conduct. With regard to the first interpretation, then there alike exists a definite gradation, which is the existence of several theories regarding the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the stages of the c areer cycle. The most famous theory of division of the life cycle of an individual on the steps of the theory atomic number 18 researchers such as Alpheus Hyatt, Sullivan, Thomas S. Dalton, randy B. Evans, and also such theory as of E. Erikson and Joel Martin. The most expedient and convenient to the financial context of the interrogative is the theory of the division of the life cycle of an individual to a number of stages by Alpheus Hyatt.This theory is the theme for the division of the life cycle of an individual to 3 stages fundamental law, productive bod and effective step. Phase formation covers the time peak from the moment of birth of the individual up to 25 32 years. This period is repayable to the formation of life basis, so on the first stage of the life cycle is the formation of the object lesson aspects of the personality, the initial accumulation of experience and the formation of an information foundation that actu solelyy affects the formation of a tog of financial products most popularly consumed by the population of the joined state in the future.Productive stage is the indorsement stage in the life cycle of an individual, including an individual residing in the United Kingdom. This stage lasts from the bar of the formation phase of up to 54 62 years. This cycle is considered to be working during it productively go through the knowledge and experience gained and accumulated during the formation phase. These years were marked by a high cognitive content for work and the desire to implement ideas and achieve their goals. Fin totallyy, the third stage of the life cycle score is final. It ext finiss from the end of the productive phase until the end of life.It was during this cycle individuals ar satisfied with the achievements and receive a reward for all his works and deeds, not further morally, save also in material terms. As for the second definition of the life cycle of the individual, in this case it should be note t hat in the context of the problem, the latter is more(prenominal) rational in terms of financial and economic sense, and as the former requires more detailed consideration, but at the same time, the latter is specifies the elements of a continuation and development stages of the first definition, namely, its financial and economic sense.In this regard, it is worth noting that in the present world context of the above issue, it is a rational assumption that, as a rule, children who actually represent the first stage in the life cycle, live at the disbursement of their parents, if we talk about the first part of the first phase life cycle, namely up to 18 years, speaking about the citizens of the United Kingdom. In addition, the first stage of the life cycle, as healthy as generally achieved the highest train of consumption, which is due to a period of the early years of adulthood, and forcing a number of items to purchase hoexercisinghold goods and parenting.Such financial and economic characteristics of the first period of the life cycle, flows smoothly into the second, but in the first case applies the highest consumption level in the second half stage , what concerns the productive phase of the life cycle, in this case, the highest consumption level in the first half of the spread phase. This model leads to a model of savings, which are usually small in the early years of adulthood, high in the period after the children have grown and become negative during retirement.Thus, the youth begins with low incomes (1th stage of the life cycle), which is little by little increased until it reaches middle age (the 2nd stage of the life cycle), and then the characteristic of income is the sharp reject stage (third stage of life cycle), due to retirement. Usually, the third stage of the life cycle as well due to the receipt of earned income and more (to the end of life), but usually in smaller amounts. Consequently, the assets of households tend to grow until retirement and a reduction thereafter.Start and whether the finish if in fact the assets at naught depends on how society relates to the question of inheritance the majority of people, particularly those who live in the UK leave coercive assets at the time of his death, if only because they do not know when it go away happen. Also worth noting, and express into account when considering the life cycle of a typical person in the UK today, the fact that the life-cycle model of savings assumes that the distribution of assets will be uneven between households, even if their incomes and social positions within the same life cycle.Along with all the above, it should be noted that all life cycle stages listed above are typical for any individual residing in the territory of more and less economically developed countries in general, and for individuals residing in the territory particularly the United Kingdom. Considering the financial products as part of normal everyday life of individ uals living in the United Kingdom in each of these stages of the life cycle, it should be noted that financial products are integral part of daily life.With regard to the factors described through the use of financial products passim the life cycle of the individual resided in the UK to date, it should be noted that the most common financial products today are shares, loans, particularly mortgages, deposits, options, futures, swaps, those insurance some aspect of life and objects, as well as good contracts and come to rates. All of the above financial products individuals residing in the United Kingdom is used throughout the life cycle.At the same time, depending on the stage of the life cycle of an individual uses certain financial products, inherent to its call for relevant to this stage. At the first stage of the life cycle, so from birth to 25 32 years, United Kingdom for individuals most relevant is the use of such financial products, such as long-term and short-run loans, particularly mortgages, compulsory insurance, in particular, Medical insurance, pension insurance and liability insurance, in addition, quite common in the above-mentioned period of the life cycle of an individual is the UK billet insurance.At the second stage of the life cycle, so from 25 32 years and 54 62 years of the United Kingdom most individual relevancy use financial products such as stocks, options, futures and swaps , as well as commodity contracts and interest rates. At the same time, so it should be noted that at this stage of life do not lose relevance and financial products such as compulsory insurance and property insurance, as well urgent to use life and health insurance.Thus, considering all of the above it should be noted that the second phase of the life cycle of an individual residing in the UK, today used the widest range of financial products than during other stages. The reason for this state of affairs is the fact that it was during the second stage of th e life cycle, as a rule, most individuals who living in the UK reach a peak of career, have a family, get a certain amount of real estate and other property, as well as characterized by the highest level of wages for all life cycle.In the third stage of the life cycle, the most relevant financial products used by individuals of the United Kingdom are the deposits, most types of insurance, especially with regard to life insurance, as well as the most reliable stocks and other securities. As seen from the above, in the third stage of the life cycle most individuals are trying to best protect their use of financial products, reducing the risks to stripped that is logical, given that the reporting stage of the life cycle lasts from 54 62 years until his death.Analyzing the life cycle of an individual United Kingdom, as well it should be noted that the only financial product that is gaining relevance for UK citizens at the stage of formation, and does not lose so for productive and eff icient life-cycle stages is insurance. In this case, depending on the stage of the life cycle are added only certain types of insurance and insurance objects.This situation is related not only to the existence of the United Kingdom of compulsory insurance, which in itself suggests the beginning of the use of insurance to gratify individual age and continues until death, but also the factor that the whole life cycle of the individual accompanies a number of risks of varying complexity and specifically, these risks relate to most other financial products used by individuals throughout life.Of course, the actual separation of the above financial products for individuals residing in the United Kingdom is far from ambiguous, since it depends not only on the age group that falls under one or another individual, but also on other factors, for example such as the scope of activities, family status, presence of children, average salary, and others.For example, the likelihood that students w ill benefit from the mortgage insurance or property is extremely small, but if the stage of formation (in the second half of the stage) the individual is enrolled in higher educational institution (for example in postgraduate) has a wife and / or children, the probability of acquiring such individual mortgage and other long-term loans, as well as property insurance, increases dramatically. Along with this, there is an example of a large homeowner or honourable an entrepreneur and working diner, which are on the second stage of the life cycle.Range of financial products an individual representing the first and second class will be significantly different. For the first and most urgent is to use various tools to expand their existing business, by finding additional sources of joining the capital, one of which is the acquisition of commodity contracts, options, futures and swaps, as all of these financial products can not only increase the capital of the individual, but and to do thi s in the shortest possible period of time in comparison with other financial products.For an ordinary worker, all financial products relevant to a wealthy individual would not be as relevant for a given individual will acquire greater relevance compulsory insurance and the use of shares and promissory notes. However, at this graduation, presented earlier are the most widespread and the most relevant classification of financial products such individuals regarding the use of the United Kingdom. Reference List 1. Alpheus, H. (1902) Cycle in the life of the individual (Ontogeny) and in the exploitation of its own group (Phylogeny).

Goal Statement Essay Example for Free

Goal Statement EssayI felt my scores were mostly accurate in rating how I feel about communicating because I am not a real shy in communicating with others, so I could admit up and talk, if I am prepared. Three specific public speaking goals I want to chance on during the term are listening speaking and self-confidence. The goals may prove rewarding for me both professionally and personally because no matter what you do professionally you will always prevail to listen to somebody both co- exerters or clients. You have to actually understand them. Listen to what they have to say, questions they may have listening is genuinely much needed. like a shot speaking you will always have to talk with others or interact with multitude in any professional job the way you speak to others is how they will respond to you.And populate is confidence, confidence is also needed if your profession is banking you have to have confidence when talking to volume. You have to act similar i ts your best friend youre talking to, have confidence in the way you speak. Now personally you need listening either to listen to your kids or family. Speaking is important also if your family is having problems if they coif to you, you need to know how to speak to them properly. You need to have confidence personally to help you go by means of life people with try to bring you down and you will need to have the confidence to full ignore them and keep your head held high.My dream job would have to be a registered nurse, and they provide and align patient care, educate patients and the public about various health conditions, and provide advice and emotional support to patients and their family members. They work in hospitals, physicians offices, home healthcare services, and nursing care facilities. The can also work in correctional facilities, schools, summer camps, and with military. Sharpened communicating skills will prove rewarding to my career because they do a dole out of talking with people, like setting up plans for patients care, consult with doctors and other healthcare professionals, teach patients and their families how to manage their illnesses or injuries. it will help me talk with my co-workers and patients because nurses will always be talking or interacting with people.You have to be able to walk up to them with confidence and say exactly what needs to be said. Most people think nursing is just talking blood and giving shots. Theres a part more if you cannot talk to people you will have a rough time in nursing. So communication skills are very important in my dream job. This course will help me execute my communication goals in many ways. It will hopefully help me learn to listen and learn how to inquire things in and actually listen to them not just in one ear out the other.whitethorn also help me learn how to speak in front of others and not be so nerve-racking. And last help me have confidence in general. I expect my peers to encour age me when I do have to get in front of them to talk, not to bring me down. And what I expect from my instructor is to tell me what I am doing wrong, what I need to improve and last expect him to help me achieve my goals. And help me do a lot better with all of the bad communication skills I have.

Comparison of Ifrs and Us Gaap Essay Example for Free

Comparison of Ifrs and Us Gaap provePresents the key similarities and differences between IFRS and US GAAP, focusing on the differences commonly found in practice. It takes into account solely standards published up to August 2007. IFRS Pocket Guide 2006 Provides a summary of the IFRS course credit and measurement requirements. Including currencies, assets, liabilities, equity, income, expenses, ancestry combinations and interim financial statements. Understanding financial instruments A guide to IAS 32, IAS 39 and IFRS 7 Comprehensive charge on all aspects of the requirements for financial instruments accounting.Detailed explanations illustrated through worked examples and extracts from company reports. Contents Page Preface How to workout this publication Summary of similarities and differences Accounting framework Financial statements Consolidated financial statements Business combinations Revenue recognition Expense recognition Assets Liabilities Equity Derivatives an d hedging Other accounting and reporting topics Foreign currency transformation Earnings per share Related-party disclosures Segment reporting Discontinued operations Post-balance-sheet events Interim financial reporting 3 4 12 13 20 25 30 34 39 50 58 59 62 62 63 64 65 67 67 68 69 Index Similarities and Differences A comparison of IFRS and US GAAP October 2007 Contents 1 Preface Preface hotshot day we may not need to produce this publication because the worlds capital markets allow for be using one accounting framework, and there will be no need for a comparison between two sets of standards. However, there is much to do before this can become reality. The world(prenominal) Accounting Standards Board and the US Financial Accounting Standards Board have been committed to converging IFRS and US GAAP since the Norwalk Accord of 2002.Many commentators have called for convergence to simplify financial reporting and reduce the ossification burden for listed companies, especially th ose with stock market listings in more than one jurisdiction and those who participate in cross-border, capitalmarket transactions. A major gait in the movement to one set of global accounting standards is the Securities and win over Commissions 2007 proposal to drop the requirement for a US GAAP reconciliation by foreign private issuers that prepare their primary financial statements under full IFRS.Another significant step is the 2007 SEC Concepts Release on allowing domestic US registrants to use IFRS as an alternative to US GAAP. These potentiality changes, if they come to fruition, will significantly alter the international landscape of accounting. US capital-market participants have already started to assign a much greater interest in IFRS, realising that it may replace US GAAP as the accounting language underlying future financial reporting and capital-market activity. This will not happen immediately.

A Comparison of Four Literary Works Essay Example for Free

A Comparison of Four literary Works EssayGreat writing does non necessarily make a great body of pee of literature. More often than not, there has to be some(prenominal)thing special about a writers work of art. This could be also considered their trademarks, signatures that had set them on canonical status. Shakespeare has his soliloquies, Hawthorne attacks the Puritans, Hemmingway uses symbols, Borges possesses fondness for infinity, and the list goes on.However, there could be some similarities between these literary signatures of writers. It is important to take note that having similarities does not render a writer little special than others. What is remarkable about the works sharing similarities in their trademarks is that they all express a greenness concernconcerns that could be considered as major issues in the edict. The selected works had all talked about women and social status. The literary works that this paper would feature are Nathaniel Hawthornes The Bi rthmark, Flannery OConnors A Goodman Is grievous To Find, William Faulkners A rose For Emily, and James Joyces The Dead. Hawthornes The Birthmark had shown us how the male-dominated society perceives women. In the narrative, there was a beautiful woman named Georgiana. She was al nigh perfect, however, her most visible flaw was her hand-shaped nevus on her cheekthus the title. She was married to a scientist named Aylmer who is not pleased with Georgianas birthmark. Since he was a scientist, Aylmer conducted a procedure to supposedly fix his wifes face. As a consequence of the Aylmers discontent, Georgiana died while under operation. Hawthorne story tells us that women are commonly judged according to their corporeal appearance and not according to the beauty of their intellect and character. Moreover, the story suggested to us that the pride of the male specie is on of the principal(prenominal) reason for the oppression of women in the society. It is very likely that Aylmer had t reated his beautiful wife as a mere accessory to display to the public. As we could observe in the history of societies, husbands are judged according to their wives, and vice-versa. In William Faulkners A Rose For Emily, women are presented in a rather disturbing manner. The story is fundamentally about a former aristocrat woman who had kept the corpse of her be esteemd in her bedroom. That is not to mention that she is the one who killed her beloved and she had slept with the dead corpseslept, with all the connotations of the word. Faulkner has this talent to disturb hoi polloi with on the face of it harmless countryside scenarios. But what is remarkable about this particular work is the depiction of how a woman could love a man. A womans version of love is a topic that is rarely stirred throughout the long history of literature. A Rose For Emily tells us that a woman could love flatly even if their love is unrequited.Moreover, A Rose For Emily touches the topic of social stat us. In the story, Emily came from a family of aristocrat status. The mark of her affection, Homer Barron, came from a common family. The difference in their social status had somehow prevented them from getting married. In addition to that, it is Emilys social status that had do the townspeople treat her variedly.On a different tone, Flannery OConnors A Goodman Is Hard To Find had depicted women and social status on a less favorable stance. The adorer of the story was an annoying grandmother. The family in the story wanted to go to Florida, further the grandmother insisted that they go to Tennessee.The grandmother cited the news that there was a roaming criminal along the way to Florida honourable to scare off the family. On their way to Florida, the grandmothers words became true that she and the family had actually encountered the criminal. As a ploy to save herself, the grandmother constantly tells the criminal sarcastic remarks like you are a nice person.With regards to so cial status, the criminal was aware that the grandmother was just pretterminus to treat him as a nice person. The criminal already knows what to expect from the society with regards to place of criminals within the social thread. The criminal knows that people like him would always be discriminated by people. It is almost the same case for James Joyces The Dead. The write had reiterated the notion that women are good at telling lies. The disturbing ending of the narrative tells the readers that Gretta, the wife of the protagonist (Gabriel), was deeply in love with someone who already died. The conflict was she was already married with an insecure man. The ending of the story shows us how Grettas action of not telling her husband her past had such a tragic impact on his insecurities.On the note of social status, Gabriels insecurities were highlighted during the gathering, where most of the plot had developed. His insecurities were most rooted from his social status. When he was inte racting with people of higher social status, he would be insecure of his intellect, language, and physical appearance. There is a subtle hint in the story that social status has some effects on a persons confidence. All in all, the recurring themes of women and social status could be roughly considered as clichs. However, it is important to take into consideration that these issues should not be forgotten. It is just remarkable for these great writers to reiterate these issues that the society is seemingly eluding.Moreover, the recurrence of these themes tells us that the issues of women and social status are still opened by the society. Perhaps if people would read these stories, the society could come up with solutions to the problems at hand. If I were made to choose a favorite among the feature stories, I would have to choose Faulkners A Rose For Emily. Aside from its innovative use of point of view through the townspeople, the story touches themes that are both shut down to heart, like love, and socially relevant like social status.Works CitedFaulkner, William. A Rose for Emily. An Introduction to Literature. Ed. Joseph Terry. refreshed York Longman, 2001Hawthorne, Nathaniel. The Birthmark. Demas, C. Various, Mjf. Great American Short Stories From Hawthorne to Hemingway. Spark Educational Publishing USA,2004Joyce, James. Dubliners. Penguin Books England, 1993OConnor, Flannery. A Good mankind is Hard to Find. NJ Rutgers University Press, 1993

The enthalpy change of a reaction Essay Example for Free

The enthalpy change of a reaction EssayThis is the equation for the reaction I intend to find the enthalpy change for. As this particular reaction is very difficult to gradation the enthalpy change by carrying it out (the decomposition of CaCO3 needs a temperature of over 800i C), I essential social function another method and it uses Hess Law. Hess Law States The enthalpy change for every chemical reaction is freelancer of the intermediate stages, provided the initial and final conditions be the alike for each route. CaCO3 CaO + CO2 CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O. In simpler terms, the briny point of Hess Law is that the total enthalpy change for the indirect route of a reaction is the same as the direct route, i. e. ?H1 = ? H2- ? H3. The diagram above represents a Hess Cycle or a Thermochemical Cycle. By versed the enthalpy changes in two parts of the cycle, it is possible to calculate the third part and complete the cycle. This is how I am departure to carry out my sample. For m y experiment I pass on 1. ) React calcium change with hydrochloric acid. 2. ) React calcium oxide with hydrochloric acid.In both of these reactions I leave measure the enthalpy changes by arrangement the starting temperature and lineing the reaction, the end temperature. By following this procedure, I can calculate the change in temperature and consequently the enthalpy change. The apparatus I will need for these reactions includes 2 x Polystyrene Cups 250ml Beaker Digital Thermometer 50ml bar Cylinder I decided to use a polystyrene instill so I could reduce love loss polystyrene is an insulator, whereas if I had used glass heat loss would have been a huge work on results.I am using a beaker so that when I need to move the reactants, I do not influence any temperature change just through my body heat. Also, the thought of the settlement spilling was not a pleasant virtuoso, so in case of spillage, the beaker would catch it. The digital thermometer is much to a greater ext ent accurate than a conventional thermometer because it reads down to 1 decimal point. Safety Apparatus Safety spectacles and lab-coat. The quantities of materials I have available HCl (2. 0 mol dm-3) As much as required CaCO3 amid 2. 4g and 2. 6g CaO As much as required.In order to determine the quantities I will need to use in the experiment, I must carry out a few simple calculations. Here is the equation for the introductory reaction I will carry out, involving CaCO3 and HCl. CaCO3 + 2HCl CaCl2 + H2O + CO2 This equation shows that 2 moles of HCl are needed for every 1 mole of CaCO3 to react. Using this information I can calculate the good deal of HCl I will need in the reaction. I first need to find the number of moles of CaCO3 will be in the reaction Number of Moles = pack Relative Formula Mass No. of moles of CaCO3 2.5g coke 0. 025 moles of CaCO3 Now I need to calculate the minimum amount of HCl I will need in the reaction. (Adding more would not affect the results because rate of reaction has no relevance to the experiment. All that is important in this reaction is that it is completed. ) Volume = Moles C at a timentration Volume of HCl 0. 05 (twice as many as CaCO3, as required) 2 0. 025 dm3 of HCl I now know that the quantities I require, in the first experiment, are as follows CaCo3 About 2. 5g HCl 50cm3 (25cm3 is minimum any less will affect results).In the second reaction, involving Calcium Oxide and Hydrochloric acid, the equation is CaO + 2HCl CaCl2 + H2O Again, like the first reaction, 2 moles of HCl are required to react with 1 mole of CaO. To keep things simple, I am going to use the same number of moles of CaO as CaCO3. Mass = Moles x Relative Formula Mass Mass of CaO needed = 0. 025 x 56 1. 4g Volume of HCl needed 0. 05 (twice as many as Ca0, as required) 2 0. 025 dm3 In order to carry out these experiments, the following directions should be carried out carefully. Method for reaction 1 CaCO3 and HCl.Add 2. 5g of CaCO3 to a polystyrene cup. Place the polystyrene cup in a beaker. Add 50cm3 of HCl to a 50ml measuring cylinder. whole tone the temperature of the HCl. Add the HCl to the CaCO3 and measure the end temperature. one time I have measured the end temperature I will compare it to the start temperature and calculate the temperature change. Method for reaction 2 CaO and HCl Add 1. 4g of CaO to a polystyrene cup. Place the polystyrene cup in a beaker. Add 50cm3 of HCl to a 50ml measuring cylinder. Measure the temperature of the HCl.Add the HCl to the CaO and measure the end temperature. Again, once I have measured the end temperature I will compare it to the start temperature and calculate the temperature change. Once the temperature changes have been compute ? H needs to be found. Once all of the enthalpy changes have been calculated, follow the equation ? H1= ? H2- ? H3 Risk Assessment The substances which I am using are both fairly knockout and have the potential to cause serious damage. Hy drochloric acid can cause destroy and is irritating to the respiratory system.The molarity I am using is altogether irritant but this is still not pleasant. The only form of protection that is really needed while using HCl is to wear safety glasses. Calcium oxide causes burns and is irritating to the eyes, skin and respiratory system. Again, only eye protection is really needed with the use of this substance. By using my plan, I expect to get accurate and consistent results as I have calculated the exact amounts of substances needed and factors which will affect results, such as heat loss.Nothing in my experiment will give inaccurate or varied results as long as the method is followed strictly, i. e. decline and precise measurements of substances. The only way the experiment can be inaccurate therefore is through merciful error. Sources used in devising my plan Haz-Cards. Chemical Ideas, Second Edition Burton, Holman, Lazonby, Pilling, Waddington. Class work notes attest previ ew only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Patterns of Behaviour section.

Eric Larson, The Devil in the White City Essay Example for Free

Eric Larson, The Devil in the White City Essaygenerically speaking, Eric Larsons book The Devil in the White City is a tale of architecture and a serial killer. The book reflects the society of the late 19th century, sugar. In its own the work is a move of the lives of the people of the great city and how they changed. It encompasses their hopes, their dreams and their treachery. In general where gender roles are concerned, it showcases how wowork force, particularly those from the working class, shape the city around them while sticking to their constricted roles. The book revolves around two central characters i.e. the architect and the serial killer, how incessantly, it manages to non just account for their lives, but in doing so highlight great poverty, abandon and depravity of the age and America as it were during that time. It follows through one social crisis after another end-to-end the vestiges of its pages. It shows the social diversity along with individualistic diversity of the era.In order to understand the role of women during that time, we must first understand the dynamics of the society itself. In conclusion to the works, Larson pens in Notes and Sources The thing that entranced me around Chicago in the Gilded Age was the citys willingness to take on the impossible in the name of civic honor, a concept so removed from the modern psyche that two sassy readers of early drafts of this book wondered why Chicago was so avid to win the worlds uninfected in the first place p. 393.The world of that age was a combination of great achievement and vehement desire to be better than everything else. To achieve that dream men werent the only one fashioning the efforts. Women were also breaking protrude of their age of crafted roles. To win first place, the race had begun and the general cosmos strived for the collateral dream.The book talks about the two facets of reality and society. Good versus great evil. It highlights mans desperation to be better, to achieve great h octets. And on that journey man at times becomes irrevocably corrupt. As Larson states, The juxtaposition of pride and unfathomed evil struck me as offering powerful insights into the character of men and their ambitions p. 393.After the great fire of 1871, Chicago came back with a sensitive vengeance. Each daylight hordes of new people walked into the city looking for a future and new dreams. some of these people were early days single women who were oblivious to the peril and dangers of the big cities they hoped to make their homes. Jane Addams, erecter of Chicagos Hull House, wrote, Never before in civilization have such numbers of young girls been suddenly released from the protection of the home and permitted to walk unattended upon the city streets and to work under alien roofs. Her statement points to the status of women in America at the time. Women were passing through a conversion they were trying on new roles in their newly crafted world and going away behind old ones.They were sheltered and protected and treading on alien territory when they left their homes. Clearly this was not the life most women were used to living venturing out into the world was not something that was generally accepted as normal behavior. But like all else, things were changing and in the name of progress women were changing too.They found work as seamstresses, weavers, typewriters and what not. every last(predicate) jobs which had a man in charge or above them. manifestly put they were to be the nurses, and not the doctors. The men who hired them were impression of, in that era, as noble characters. at that place were also those with less than noble intentions. During the summer of 1890, a warning was placed in the help-wanted section of the Chicago Tribune, cautioning female stenographers stating our growing conviction that no thoroughly honorable business-man who is this side of dotage ever advertises for a lady stenographer who is a blonde, is good-looking, is quite alone in the city, or will transmit her photograph. All such advertisements upon their face bear the marks of vulgarity, nor do we regard it safe for any lady to root such unseemly utterances. The warning was placed in the Chicago Tribune by the First National Bank.Stepping into new shoesThe women were now living lives designed for men. The city was not the same as it once had been. turn there were good men keeping the honor of the city intact, there was no shortage of those who were ever ready to plunder it. There were large amounts of deaths, numerous of them were unknown men and women who were never identified and never saw their families again.One did not have to be murdered in Chicago the city itself killed many in multiple accidents, you could simply step off a curb and get hit by a car and die. And of course there were the homicides. During the first half of 1892 Chicago was witness to nearly eight hindered homicides. The once innoce nt city was organism turned into a vicious place. Chicago was turning out to become one of the dangerous cities to come out the United States of America. The streets were no longer safe and amidst dreams of suitable the best in the world, the greatest, the city did quite the opposite.Criminals Women now rose to a new status. They moved from being caregivers in the home, from being protected and sheltered, to being city girls making it on their own. And they then went from city girls to murdering harlots. Many incidences occurred where men killed women and women turned around to kill other men. Chicago was one big cesspool of distressing activity. The criminal activity rose around the entirety of the nation, but Chicago stood out in its numbers.The 1888 cleanup spot spree courtesy of Jack the Ripper had the nation enthralled and addicted. None however, imagined something similar hitting their own cities. When men liked Holmes ravaged the youth of the city and went about murdering people, no one at the time thought it could be the work of a serial killer. People were too innocent, even with the crimes that shattered their lives each day, they refused to call up something that heinous could be taking place right next door.A good example of this scrimp was the Broadway show titled Chicago itself. It paints the story of Velma Kelly, a notorious criminal. In fact women were the only first-class criminals in that show, while men played the part of protectors, lawyers, gullible husbands. The show was a satire on the state of things in the city. Woman has changed drastically, they were no longer thought of as nave, innocent, noble creatures. They were opprobrious entities.

Behaviorism vs. Cognitive Psychology Essay Example for Free

Behaviorism vs. Cognitive Psychology EssayWatson believed that psychological science did not accomplish the oddment of predicting and peremptory the behavior of a person. He believed that psychology had two fusss the pursuit of consciousness as an object of breeding and the use of introspection as a method. Watson developed a type of psychology that he believed would contend these issues, behaviourism. Psychology as the behaviorist views it is a purely objective experimental branch of natural science. Its theoretic goal is the prediction and control of behavior this is the definition of behaviorism that John Watson expressed as his capital of South Carolina address. Behaviorism is said to limit the psychological study of behavior. Watson believes that humans had three innate emotions when they were born fear, rage, and love. The goal would be to take one of the emotions and condition it to a stimulus in purchase order to create a response that was not previously elicited. This was demonstrated in the Little Albert experiment.Watson had a baby, Little Albert, who was not august of white rats. During the experiment whenever Little Albert was shown a white rat Watson would pair it with a loud upset until the baby showed fear. This experiment showed that fear can be conditioned in a person. Behaviorism tended to overtop American Psychology until approximately 1954 when cognitive psychology started. You say you deficiency a revolution. Well, we all want to change the world. This quote describes the change in psychology that developed cognitive psychology during an era of favorable change. Experimental psychologist began seeing a change when the number of unexplained human behavior affixd. Psychologist started to think that in order to understand human behavior, mental processes can no longer be ignored. Cognitive psychology was created to understand these mental processes by analyzing the way sensory information is transformed, reduced, elaborated, stored, recover, and used in the brain. It can be explained using a computer metaphor, which means that the ideas of conceptual models played a role in the processing, storage, and retrieval of information.Which leads to Gestalts psychology experience should be studied as it occurs. Experience is processed into storage in our brain and that storage is available for retrieval for later experiences. An example of this would be Gestalts Organizing Tendencies, organization much(prenominal) as grouping is learned at a young age and stored in our memory, now all time after that experience the mind tends to organize the stimuli into groups without the persons awareness this is happening. In conclusion, behaviorism is the prediction and control in behavior and cognitive psychology has to do with the way the brain senses, percepts, imagines, retains, recalls, problem solves, and thinks. Behaviorism and cognitive psychology both use up each other to exist it is not achievable for one to exist without the other. Behaviorism is human experience that is argued that experience is not directly knowable.Scientist began to see an increase in unexplained behavior and determined that mental processes must be analyzed in order to become an accurate depiction of the experiences that should be studied as they occur. Cognitive psychology may be superior to behaviorism because it takes behaviorism to the next level. Behaviorism is the human experiences and cognitive psychology added the extra factor of analyzing the mental processes. In closing, cognitive psychology would not exist without the basic theories of behaviorism and behaviorism would have faded away quickly having so many unexplained behaviors. Cognitive psychology and behaviorism need each other to exist.Work CitedBenjamin, L.T. (2007). A brief history of modern psychology. Malden, MA Wiley- Blackwell.

Biography of Aldous Huxley Essay Example for Free

history of Aldous Huxley EssayAldous Leonard Huxley was born on July 26, 1894 in Surrey, England, as the third son of Dr. Leonard Huxley and Julia Arnold. Huxley was born into a pine line of scientists and intellectuals. His grandfather Thomas Henry Huxley had the nickname Darwins Bulldog for his fierce defense of evolutionary cognizance and for his passion for teaching Victorian scientific advancements to Britains working classes. Aldous Huxley was also related to the poet Matthew Arnold on his mothers side of the family. These two disciplines, literature and science, converged at the end of the Victorian era and characterize Huxleys own career and ambitions as an author, journalist, and humanist. amend at Eton, Aldous Huxley was forced to leave the school at the age of seventeen due to an affliction of the eyes. He was partially blind for two or three years and therefore was unable to complete the uncompromising scientific training he had undertaken.Though problems with his eyes would remain with him for the rest of his life, Huxley was able to attend Oxford where he received a degree in English literature. Huxleys career began in journalism and included medication and artistic criticism as well as book reviews. He also began writing poems, essays, and historical pieces. Huxleys first introduction to British intellectual society occurred while working as a kindle laborer at Garsington Manor, the site of the Bloomsbury Society, a group of public intellectuals that included Bertrand Russell. There he would conjoin Maria Nys and they would have one child, Matthew Huxley. He also wrote his first book, a volume of poetry called The earnest Wheel. While working as an editor for House and Garden during the1920s, Huxley wrote many novels including Brave New World.Huxley pass several years in Italy where he formed a friendship with D.H. Lawrence. They would remain close friends and Huxley would posterior edit Lawrences collected letters after his dea th. In 1937, Huxley moved back to the United States to live in Hollywood, California, where he helped write scripts for several Hollywood movies of the time, although he never had a lasting career in movies. After World War II, he famously became involved with the archeozoic psychedelic drug movement. Huxley was an early proponent of the use of LSD, mescaline, and peyote for their mind-altering effects. His 1954 book The Doors of Perception argued that through the use of psychedelic drugs, people would be able to cleanse the doors of perception in order to embrace the infinite reality of the world.A controversial figure for most of his life, Huxley died from cancer on November 22, 1963, only hours after President John F. Kennedys assassination in Dallas, Texas. By the time of his death, he was embraced in some circles as an intellectual and writer of the highest class, especially for his creation of the dystopian fantasy in his novel Brave New World and his scrap of the theme of commercialization in modern society. Others, however, saw him as a pseudo-scientist for his work in mysterious traditions and his insistence on experiencing alternate realities through meditation, Eastern religions, and drug use. For his accomplishments, Huxley received the Award of Merit for the figment from the American Academy of Arts and Letters in 1959.

Albert Camus the Plague Essay Example for Free

Albert Camus the hatred EssayCan God by come up exist in a military personnel full of madness and injustice? Albert Camus and Samuel Beckett address these questions in The Plague and Waiting for Godot. Though their thinking follows the ideals of existentialism, their conclusions are different. Camus did not believe in God, nor did he agree with the gigantic majority of the historical looks of the Christian religion.His stance on Christianity is summed up most plain by his follow that in its essence, Christianity (and this is its paradoxical greatness) is a doctrine of injustice. It is founded on the sacrifice of the innocent and the acceptance of this sacrifice (Bree 49). Camus matte up that Jesus Christ was an innocent man who was unjustly killed. This does conflicts with all of Camus values. However, Camus did not believe that Jesus was the news of God.Camus inability to accept Christian theology is voiced in The Plague by Riex and juxtaposed against the beliefs prea ched by convey Paneloux (Rhein 42). Panelouxs attitude toward the plague contrasts sharply with Rieuxs. In his first sermon, he preaches that the plague is divine in origin and punitive in its purpose. He attempts to put aside his desires for a rational explanation and simply accepts Gods will. In this way he is not revolting and therefore falls victim to the plague.Father Panelouxs belief that there are no innocent victims is shaken as he watches a young male child die of the plague. Camus purposefully describes a long, painful death to achieve the greatest effect on Paneloux When the spasms had passed, suddenly exhausted, tensing his thin legs and arms, on which, within forty-eight hours, the flesh had wasted to the b unrivaled, the child lay flat, in a grotesque parody of crucifixion (215). Paneloux cannot deny that the child was an innocent victim and is forced to rethink his ideas.During his back up sermon, a change is seen in Father Paneloux. He now uses the pronoun we ins tead of you, and he has adopted a new policy in which he tells people to believe all or nothing (224). Father Paneloux, as a Christian, is faced with a decision either he accepts that God is the ultimate rule and brings goodness out of the evil that afflicts men, or he sides with Rieux and denies God. The conclusion formed by Camus is that because this is a world in which innocent people are tortured, there is no God.Samuel Beckett does not necessarily deny the earth of God in Waiting for Godot. If God does exist, then He contri moreoveres to the chaos by remaining silent. The french philosopher Blaise Pascal noted the arbitrariness of life and that the universe works based on percentages. He advocated victimization such arbitrariness to ones advantage, including believing in God. If He does not exist, nobody would care in the end, but if He does, a believer is on the safe side all along, so one cannot lose. In this play, either God does not exist, or He does not care.Whichever i s the case, chance and arbitrariness determine human beings life in the absence of a divine power. This ties in with the two tramps chances for salvation. As one amateur observes, For just as man cannot stop by bread alone, he now realizes that he cannot live by mere thinking or hanging on in vain to a rove of salvation which does not seem to exist (Lumley 203). This explains Vladimir and Estragons contemplation of suicide after Godot remains absent for besides another day. One could also argue, in the absurd sense, that each man has a fifty-fifty chance of salvation.One of the two prisoners who were crucified with Jesus was given salvation. This element of chance for salvation can also be extended to Pozzo and Lucky in Waiting for Godot. When they come across the two tramps, Pozzo is on his way to handle Lucky because he claims that Lucky has grown old and only hinders him. In this way Pozzo is trying to scoop that fifty-fifty chance of salvation for himself. One of the ways in which Lucky hinders him is that Lucky could be the one to be redeemed, leaving Pozzo to be damned. Even Luckys dialect is concerned with salvationGiven the existence of a personal God outside time without who from the heights of divine apathia divide athambia divide apaia loves us affectionately with some exceptions for reasons unknown and suffers with those who for reasons unknown are plunged in torment. (28) After removing all of Luckys nonsensical meanderings, the gist of his speech is that God does not communicate with humans and condemns them for unknown reasons. His silence causes the real hopelessness, and this is what makes Waiting for Godot a calamity

How people recall memories

How people disclaim memoriesIn 1932 British psychologist Frederick Bartlet personate forward a theory of how people organise and recall shop. His idea was that memory is not homogeneous a video recorder that elicit be played back, just that in fact in that location argon a number of factors that lead to distortion and reconstruction of information. His theory is k instantern as rehabilitative memory and his ideas atomic number 18 close up in use in current psychological research, such as center of attention figure testimony, spurious memory syndrome, and even in the field of artificial intelligence This essay forget explain bartletts theory, its carriages and weaknesses, its implications in the understanding of how the opinion organises, stores and recalls information, and how Bartletts ideas take a leak been incorporated and expanded.Bartlett asserted that peoples recall of events is a lot inaccurate as reconstruction and distortion of information takes place, inte rnally within the mind. The initial stimulus is interpreted in but as one can only give a certain quantity of attention to a stimulus previous experience, and knowlight-emitting diodege, which he referred to as schemas, are used to construct a fuller picture internally. For example, if one was walking down a dark alley one capability feel on edge, one suddenly notices a person approaching. An going schema for this situation would exist and will probably result in the construction of a sinister character approaching, despite having no previous knowledge of the person. A schema is organised previous knowledge, an internal representation of how one perceives the world. Bartlett considered schemas to be maps or structures of knowledge stored in long-term memory. (May 07th 2008) www.wik.ed.uiuc.edu/index.php/SchemasIn 1932 Bartlett composed a pithy fable which he named war of the ghosts. The fable was an old Native American folk theme which would have been un long-familiar to the we stern participants. Generally it presented as a logical representation of events but within it was held very much(prenominal) subtly illogical or irrational content. The story was recited to the participants who were asked to recall it after twenty hours, and again at varying intervals afterwards. He discovered that most people found it extremely difficult to recall the story exactly, even when the fable was read repeatedly. Bartlet hypothesised that, members of the story which failed to fit into the schemata of the participant were omitted from their recollection, or reconstructed into more familiar forms. He remarked that people make an effort after meaning to make sense of information each information which did not correspond with their cultural experiences, norms, or values, or that were unfamiliar, tended to be excluded from the recollection of the participants. This resulted in a reduced, direct version of the story. Bartlett remarked that in the end, no trace of an odd o r supernatural element was left we had a perfectly straight forward story of a fight and a death. (2010) www.docstoc.comBartletts ideas were subversive and drew many responses, positive, and negative. Bartletts research into practical aspects of memory, with an approach that set out to study how the human memory system is applied in every day, real life situations, is seen as a fundamental strength of the rehabilitative memory model. However, his experiment was criticised for the methods employed. Bartlett was stopping students on their journeys around the Cambridge campus and reciting the war of the ghosts. He would much have to wait until he met them again before he could ask them to recall their version of the story. His methods were considered as being unscientific and his work was spurned by some as a result. Bartletts idea of schemas was rejected as being too vague, and hard to back up with empirical evidence. Also it was argued that Bartletts idea of edition participants an unfamiliar story could have actually been a factor in why participants reconstructed part of the story when they recalled it. Despite the criticism, Bartletts ideas regarding schemas, and reconstructive memories, are still in use, and are still prevalent in various fields of current psychological research. The reconstructive memory model was an important breakthrough which is still very much relevant in todays modern world. For example, a fundamental tactic employed by the police to catch and bunco criminals is eye witness testimony. But how reliable is this method if memory truly works as Bartlett suggested.With the emergence of new technologies such as CCTV, in some cases, it has now been possible to explore the dependability of eye witness testimonies. One example of false eye witness testimony was the case concerning Charles Mendes, a Brazilian man who was shot by police in a case of mistaken identity after the terrorist bombings in London. Witnesses recalled Mr Mendes j umping over the ticket barrier and cart track away from the police before he was shot dead by the police. Later CCTV footage of the event that emerged intelligibly showed that this was false information and in fact Charles Mendes actually bought a ticket and only ran to avoid scatty the train. Recent tests concerning reconstructive memory have also raised doubt over the reliability of eye witness testimony. In 1974 Elizabeth Loftus conducted a series of experiments to explore the reliability of eye witness testimony.In 1974, Loftus and Palmer conducted experiments in which participants were used in an independent measures design. They were shown footage of a car crash and then separated into three aggroups of fifty. The low group was asked, how fast were the cars going when they hit each opposite? The second group was asked the heading but the word hit was changed to smashed. The independent variable being the changed word. The third group was not asked the question this grou p was used as a control group. The findings showed that the wording of the question directly affected the estimation of the cars speed. When the question was asked using the word hit, the lowest estimation was stipulation. When the question was asked using the word smashed, participants responded with the highest estimation of the cars speed. After septet days, the participants were asked if they had seen broken glass after the accident Loftus and Palmer found that participants who had been asked the question with the word smashed had been consistently more likely to answer yes (wrongly).The findings of Loftus and Palmers 1974 car crash experiments reinforced and continue the reconstructive memory theory. It has raised questions concerning the reliability of eye witness testimony as a result of this work, juries are no longer allowed to convict a defendant on the basis of eye witness testimony alone. Their work has also led to the police revising the way they interview witnesses to avoid misleading questions which could contaminate the original recollection of events, and in order to aid a witness to recall as much of a situation or event as possible, the police now conduct cognitive interviews. The understanding of how the mind stores and retrieves information has religious service the police, whose modified interview techniques are now thought to be more successful in bill of exchange often vital details held in the memory of witnesses. These can be used to solve crimes, help to bring dangerous criminals to justice, and are more accurate, hopefully leading to less cases of wrongful convictions due to false information or mistaken identity.There are criticisms that can be directed towards Loftus and Palmer for their experimental methods in 1974 it has been argued that due to a lack of participant variety, the findings of the experiment cannot be viewed as universally applicable as the participants were all students. Another point that has been made is t hat the results could have been affected by demand characteristics the participants could have given answers according to what they thought the researchers wanted to hear. It has also been argued that the experiments were artificial real life situations could have different results. In a real situation there are potentially severe legal and moral consequences obscure with distorted recollections of events in a court of law this is not the case in a research laboratory experiment.These concerns have now been addressed by more recent research that has based experiments in a more realistic, every day context. This new research, such as the Open University and BBC project, appears to confirm much of what Loftus and Palmer asserted. Participants witnessed a stabbing and were taken to the station by the police for cognitive interviews. They were unaware that the situation had been staged. Dr Pike, a psychologist tortuous with the project echoed comments remarked by Elizabeth Loftus when he commented on the findings speaking of how the mind is malleable, not fixed, he remarked that its not like imputing data into a computer, the mind does not store facts absolutely the way they are and it does not recall them absolutely accurately either. Winterman, D (2010) www.news.bbc.co.ukFurther research by Loftus has led to greater understanding of how the mind reacts differently in stressful situations such as at the scene of a crime pickings place. It is now understood that when a weapon is involved, ones attention tends to focus on the threatening object. As a consequence, ones recall of peripheral details diminishes. Loftus asserted that weapon anxiety can be responsible for ones inability to recall the perpetrator, and or crucial details or events of a crime. It is now understood that age, and ones emotional state, are factors to be considered concerning accurate recall. It is also widely accepted that people are more likely to misapprehend a situation, make errors, or make crucial mistakes when they are scared or in shock. Although in some instances, an extreme situation can lead to a state of heightened awareness, which can in reverse lead to flashbulb memories potentially extremely accurate detailed memories of an event or situation.Having explored Bartletts theory of reconstructive memory, and later research by Loftus and Palmer that continued it, one can see that these theories have facilitated a much greater understanding of the complexities of human memory. Bartlett put forward an explanation of aspects of human memory that other models of memory do not account for. Most, if not all people would have experience with memories that are vague, or unclear. How many times have you recalled an event, only for the person next to you, who shared the experience with you, to negate you, with a completely different account of the events? Reconstructive memory puts forward an explanation for why this can happen of how memory does not always reflect an accurate account of an event or situation. Loftus and Palmers continued research into reconstructive memory has further supported the theory. Their work has had important repercussions in areas such as law and police procedure. The reconstructive memory theory continues to exert a significant influence in todays modern world.Cardwell M, Clark L, Meldrum C. (2003) Psychology for A Level, Harper Collins. porcine R. (2009) Psychology. The Science of Mind and Behaviour 5th Edition, Hodder Arnold.Gross R, Rolls G. (2003) Essential AS Psychology, Hodder Stoughton.www.google.com/http//www.bookrags.com/wiki/Frederic_Bartlett (accessed 26th April 2010)(May 7th 2008) www.google.com/http//wik.ed.uiuc.edu/index.php/Schemas(accessed 26 April 2010)(2010) www.google.com/http//www.docstoc.com/docs/33510508/The-War-of-the-Ghosts/ (accessed 26th April 2010)www.google.com/http//www.s-cool.co.uk/alevel/psychology/human-memory/criti (accessed 26th April 2010)Winterman, D. (2010) BBC Magazine for sa le at www.google.com/news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/magazine/8617945.stm (accessed 28th April)